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Madonna videographyFrom pedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation,searchSee also: Madonna albums discography and Madonna singles discographyMadonna video discographyMadonna performing on her 2008–2009 Sticky & Sweet TourReleases↙Music videos66↙Concert tour videos9↙Video compilations4↙Video singles4↙Documentaries2The videography of American recording artist Madonna consists of sixty-six music videos, eight concert tour videos, four music video compilations, four music video singles and two documentaries. In 1982 Madonna signed a recording contract with Sire Records, a label owned by Warner Bros. Records, and released her first two singles before launching her eponymous debut album.[1] Madonna's first music video was for the single "Everybody", for which Sire Records created a low budget, in-house video.[2] Her first video to receive attention on MTV was "Borderline" which was followed by "Lucky Star".[3] In 1984 Madonna released "Like a Virgin", the lead single from her sophomore album of the same name. The video portrayed Madonna roaming through the streets of Venice and lying in a white wedding dress.[4] The same year she also released the follow-up single, "Material Girl".[5] Madonna's third studio album, True Blue, was released in 1986. The video for the lead single, "Live to Tell", ushered in a new image for Madonna.[6] With the video of "True Blue", Madonna's impact on MTV and popular music was established when a contest entitled Making My Video, was held to create a music video for the song.[7] "La Isla Bonita" and "Who's That Girl", both released in 1987, portrayed Madonna's fascination with Hispanic culture and the inclusion of religious symbolism.[8] In 1989 Madonna signed a $5 million deal with Pepsi to use her song "Like a Prayer" in one of their commercial advertisements. Madonna also wanted to use the commercial for the global debut of the song and her similar titled studio album. However, when Madonna released the actual music video of the song it faced strong reaction from religious groups and media. The video portrayed Madonna dancing in front of burning crosses, receiving stigmata, kissing a black saint and having sex with him in a church altar.[9] Her other notable videos released that year included "Express Yourself" and "Cherish" which were critically appreciated for their positive feminist themes.[10]In 1990 Madonna released the song "Vogue", which portrayed the underground gay subculture dance routine called voguing, as well as the glamorous look of Hollywood stars.[11] The same year she released "Justify My Love", whose video featured Madonna in an erotic dream containing sadomasochism, voyeurism and bisexuality. MTV deemed the video too explicit and banned it from airing on their channel.[12] In 1992 Madonna released her fifth studio album, Erotica. The similar titled lead single's video portrayed Madonna as a masked dominatrix.[13] The video of "Deeper and Deeper" portrayed Madonna as Andy Warhol's protégé Edie Sedgwick.[14] The video for "Bad Girl" portrayed a murdered Madonna. In 1994 she released "Secret", the lead single from her sixth studio album, Bedtime Stories. The video showed scenes of rebirth, transvestites and damnation, which are interspersed with Madonna walking down a street to her home.[15] In 1995 she released "Bedtime Story" from the same album. It portrayed a dream sequence, inspired by paintings of artists such as Frida Kahlo and Remedios Varo while incorporating new age surrealistic images.[16] In 1998, Madonna released her seventh studio album, Ray of Light. The music video for the lead single, "Frozen", ushered in a new image for her with the incorporation of Indian influences.[17] The video for the title single was a high-speed one, portraying people going through their daily lives, with images of Madonna in black denim dancing to the music.[18] Her fascination and incorporation of South Asian culture continued with the video of "Nothing Really Matters" (1999) where she appeared as a geisha.[19]In 2000 Madonna released her eighth studio album, Music. The title single featured her in the role of a pimp while changing her image to that of a glamorous cowgirl.[20] The video for the last single, "What It Feels Like for a Girl", portrayed Madonna going around the city in a car, accompanied by an old woman, and vandalising as well as committing crimes.[21] This fascination for violence continued with the music videos of "Die Another Day" (2002) and "American Life" (2003), the lead single from her similar titled ninth studio album.[22] The video for the latter, shot pre-Iraq war of 2003, portrayed a military-chic fashion show.[23] Madonna's tenth studio album, Confessions on a Dance Floor, was released in 2005. The video for the lead single, "Hung Up", was a tribute to John Travolta and his movies.[24] Her eleventh studio album, Hard Candy, was released in 2008; its lead single,#160;^ a b "IHF V-P Batra steps down, raps Gill". The Tribune. Tuesday, March 11, 2008. 2008/20080311/sports.htm#3. Retrieved 2009-07-02. ^ a b c d e f "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Main News". Tribuneindia.com. 2005/20050728/main5.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ a b PTI 27 July 2005, 02:57pm IST (2005-07-27). "SC upholds conviction of Gill in Rupan Deol case-India-The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. articleshow/msid-1183776,prtpage-1.cms. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ a b c "505 Pratiksha Baxi, Sexual harassment". India-seminar.com. 2001/505/505%20pratiksha%20baxi.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ a b "The Hindu News Update Service". Hindu.com. 2008-04-28. thehindu/holnus/000200804281964.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ a b KPS Gill sacked, IHF suspended by IOA- Hindustan Times^ a b "Padma Shri Awardees". page 87. Government of India. myindia/padmashri_awards_list1.php?start=870. Retrieved 2009-07-07. ^ a b c d e f "Profiles". Institute for Conflict Management. not dated. satporgtp/icm/Profiles.htm#researcher. Retrieved 2009-06-15. ^ "IHF Ready to Merge With Hockey India". Sakaaltimes.com. 2009-06-15. 2009/06/15125851/IHF-ready-to-merge-with-Hockey.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ a b "Tarun Gogoi reluctant to have K P S Gill as Assam governor". Ia.rediff.com. 2003-04-25. www/news/2003/apr/25assam.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ a b "'Supercop' Gill to take on Chhattisgarh Maoists". Chandigarh: The Tribune. April 6, 2006. 2006/20060406/nation.htm#18. Retrieved 2008-03-13. ^ BURNS, JOHN F. (August 12, 1996). "Ex-Policeman's Jail Term Hailed by Women in India". The New York Times. 1996/08/12/world/ex-policeman-s-jail-term-hailed-by-women-in-india.html. Retrieved 2009-07-06. ^ DAHLBURG, JOHN-THOR (Jan 5, 1996). "Celebrated--but Controversial--Police Chief in India Is Replaced". Los Angeles Times. latimes/access/16975089.html?dids=16975089:16975089&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+05%2C+1996&author=JOHN-THOR+DAHLBURG&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Celebrated--but+Controversial--Police+Chief+in+India+Is+Replaced&pqatl=. Retrieved 2009-07-06. ^ "India: A vital opportunity to end impunity in Punjab". Amnesty International. 1998 or 1999. document.php?lang=e&id=F072BE8A8A0506C08025690000692C86. Retrieved 2009-07-04. ^ a b "India: Time to Deliver Justice for Atrocities in Punjab: Investigate and Prosecute Perpetrators of ‘Disappearances’ and Killings". Human Rights Watch. October 17, 2007. en/news/2007/10/17/india-time-deliver-justice-atrocities-punjab. Retrieved 2009-07-04. ^ a b "The following is the text of the public notice issued by the National Human Rights Commission in The Tribune, on July 15, 2004.". REFERENCE CASE NO. 1/97/NHRC (Arising out of the order of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India dated December 12, 1996 and September 10, 1998 in Writ Petition No. 447/95 and 497/95) (The Tribune). July 15, 2004. 2004/20040730/nhrc1.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-05. ^ INDIAN COMMANDOS CLOSE IN ON SIKHS, The New York Times, 1988-05-18^ Sikhs Surrender to Troops at Temple, The New York Times, 1988-05-19^ Terrorism in context By Martha Crenshaw. Books..com. ISBN 9780271010151. books?id=z9GG4__JJNwC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA398. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ Black Thunder’s silver lining, The Hindustan Times, 2008-05-13^ Gargan, Edward A. (October 26, 1993). "Though Sikh Rebellion Is Quelled, India's Punjab State Still Seethes". New York Times. 1993/10/26/world/though-sikh-rebellion-is-quelled-india-s-punjab-state-still-seethes.html?pagewanted=1. Retrieved 2009-07-05. ^ a b c "Joint Letter to Director of India's Central Investigation Bureau". Human Rights Watch. April 30, 2006. en/news/2006/04/30/india-joint-letter-director-indias-central-investigation-bureau. Retrieved 2009-07-07. ^ a b Witness names Gill in Khalra case[dead link]^ "Mizzima: Insurgency and violence on". Burmalibrary.org. reg.burma/archives/200003/msg00039.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "The Rediff Interview/ K P S Gill: 'Few months is too short a period to say Bus Diplomacy has failed '". Rediff.com. 1999-06-12. news/1999/jun/12inter.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ K P S GILL Posted: Oct 24, 2004 at 0106 hrs IST (2004-10-24). "Indian Express Talking to Naxals is retrograde & dangerous, comes out of a Home Ministry that’s clueless". Indianexpress.com. oldStory/57588/. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "Rediff Hidden Patterns". Hvk.org. 2000-11-14. articles/1100/33.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ Muhammad's Monsters by David Bukay. Books..com. ISBN 9780892215768. books?id=Nqmo_bNJRqgC&pg=PA332&dq=institute+of+conflict+management+KPS+Gill&lr=&ei=p7ZRStfaDJHUlATdwdDOAg. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ Kashmir and neighbors by Turkkaya Ataov, Page 234. Books..com. 2008-09-03. books?lr=&ei=t7dRSuDXFYiWkgTAwYjWAg&id=7jluAAAAMAAJ&dq=institute+of+conflict+management+KPS+Gill+started&q=KPS+Gill. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ The global threat of terror. Books..com. books?lr=&ei=d7hRSsLDJYLGlQSowuzjAg&id=gCjoAAAAIAAJ&dq=institute+of+conflict+management+KPS+Gill+started&q=KPS+Gill. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "China-Pakistan-North Korea is new axis of evil'". Highbeam.com. 2003-08-15. doc/1P1-85984821.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "Kanwar Pal Singh Gill:National hero". Profiles.allindiansite.com. kpsgill.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "Muslims are the victims of global jihad: K P S Gill". In.rediff.com. 2008-04-20. news/2008/apr/20gill.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "Egypt probe renews focus on terror ties". Highbeam.com. 2005-07-26. doc/1G1-134488643.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ 9 July 2005, 08:21pm IST (2005-07-09). "Possibly dead". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. articleshow/1166006.cms. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "The Institute for Conflict Management - An Introduction". Institute for Conflict Management. not dated. satporgtp/icm/index.html. Retrieved 2009-06-15. ^ "Amnesty to armed forces must be within law: NHRC". Hindu.com. 2001-08-21. 2001/08/21/stories/02210003.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "Egypt probe renews focus on terror ties". Goliath.ecnext.com. 2005-07-26. coms2/gi_0199-4508315/Egypt-probe-renews-focus-on.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "Super Achievers - Still in the Fast Lane:'Super Cop' Kanwar Pal Singh Gill". The-south-asian.com. June2002/Gill_and_Trehan.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ CJ: Natteri Adigal (2008-01-14). "Zero tolerance towards rapists: High Court bench". Merinews.com. catFull.jsp?articleID=129314. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ Suicide bomber nabbed in Delhi, Rediff.com, 1999-06-07^ 'Few months is too short a period to say Bus Diplomacy has failed ', Rediff.com, 1999-06-12^ KPS Gill to advise Lanka on security, Indian Express, 2000-05-16^ K.P.S. Gill gearing for assignment in Sri Lanka, The Hindu, 2000-05-17^ 'Sri Lanka won by throwing away the rulebook', India Today, 2009-05-24^ India’s ‘supercop’ to advise Modi, Dawn (newspaper), 2002-05-04^ Gujarat violence flares, BBC, 2002-05-08^ 'KPS Gill stemmed Gujarat riot rot', The Times of India, 2004-08-31^ Religious Riots Loom Over Indian Politics, The New York Times, 2002-07-27^ 'Supercop' Gill makes a difference in Gujarat, Gulf News, 2002-05-24^ AN UNQUIET PEACE, Frontline (magazine), 2002-05-25^ Religious Riots Loom Over Indian Politics, The New York Times, 2002-07-27^ 'Small group' responsible for Gujarat riots: Gill, The Hindu, 2002-11-14^ Cohn, Martin Regg (December 16, 2008). "A Punjabi lesson for Afghanistan". Toronto Star. article/554276. Retrieved 2009-07-06. ^ Mahadevan, Prem (August 30, 2007). "The Gill Doctrine: A Model for 21st Century Counterterrorism?". aper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hyatt Regency Chicago and the Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago, IL, Aug 30, 2007. Department of War Studies King’s College, London. p. 22. meta/p210821_index.html. Retrieved 2009-07-06. ^ Gill’s next job: Chhattisgarh security advisor, Indian Express, 2006-04-07^ India's Maoist insurgency gathers pace as police station raid kills 55, The Guardian, 2007-03-16^ News/sport/archives/2008/03/11/2003405088^ "Gill brushes aside resignation demand". The Tribune. 2008-03-11. 2008/20080311/sports.htm#9. Retrieved 2008-12-12. ^ Editorial (2008-03-14). "100 MPs sign oust-Gill petition =". The Timers of India. Opinion/Editorial/File_100_MPs_sign_oust-Gill_petition/articleshow/2863720.cms. Retrieved 2008-12-13. ^ Editorial (2008-03-12). "I will go on till 2010: KPS Gill =". The Times of India. Opinion/Editorial/File_I_will_go_on_till_2010_says_KPS_Gill/articleshow/2859445.cms. Retrieved 2008-12-13. ^ Sinha, Alok (10 march 2008). "The buck stops at Gill". The India Times. The_buck_stops_at_Gill/articleshow/2853185.cms. Retrieved 2008-12-12. ^ "Hockey in shame, up to its Gill". The India Times. 1080311/jsp/frontpage/story_9005645.jsp. Retrieved 2008-12-12. ^ a b c Agencies. "K P S Gill sacked, IHF suspended". Express India. latest-news/K-P-S-Gill-sacked-IHF-suspended/302695/. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "KPS Gill Sacked ? IHF President KPS Gill Sacked And IHF Suspended". India-server.com. 2008-04-28. news/kps-gill-sacked-649.html. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ Editorial (2008-04-22). "Sports Minister demands KPS Gill's resignation =". The Times of India. Opinion/Editorial/File_Sports_Minister_demands_KPS_Gills_resignation_/articleshow/2972178.cms. Retrieved 2008-12-13. ^ Editorial (2008-04-23). "VIEW: K. P. S. Gill has plenty to answer for =". Express India. articleshow/2976347.cms. Retrieved 2008-12-13. ^ TIMESNOW.tv - Latest Breaking News, Big News Stories, News Videos[dead link]^ Narrain, Siddharth (September 9, 2005). "Is justice possible without looking for the truth?". The Hindu:Online edition of India's National Newspaper. 2005/09/09/stories/2005090903181100.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-04. ^ Special Broadcasting Service :: Dateline - presented by George Negus[dead link]^ "Missing justice:The National Human Rights Commission should investigate Punjab's forced disappearance, says Human Rights Watch". India Together. June 2003. 2003/jun/hrt-missing.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-04. ^ "India: Who killed the Sikhs". World News Australia. April 3, 2002. dateline/index.php?page=archive&daysum=2002-04-03. ^ "The Tribune, Sep 3, 2001". Tribuneindia.com. 1997-06-13. 2001/20010903/main5.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "The Hindu". The Hindu. 2001-09-03. 2001/09/03/stories/0203000a.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ "The Hindu, Aug 14, 2001". Hinduonnet.com. 2001-08-14. 2001/08/14/stories/0214000j.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-28. ^ Singh, Baldev (February, 2004). "Changing Interpretation of Khushwant Singh". Sikh Spectrum Quarterly (15). 052004/khushwant_7.htm. ^ "The Shikh Bulletin",November 2003, p. 13^ Singh, Khushwant (1963). A History of the Sikhs. Princeton University Press. books?id=-nsGAQAAIAAJ. ^ Singh, Khushwant (1966). A Hi
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